The golden calf was “made by hands” which is a common description of idols. While Moses was still on Sinai, they were having a raucous idol celebration. We have a discussion about what is and is not idolatry in regard to objects, art, buildings and other such matters. Reprobation is God giving people over to what they wanted in their own sinfulness. Israel had refused to listen to God’s spokesmen and were turned over to the host of heaven. Contemporary idolatry is infused with wicked spirituality.

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